Flora and Fauna in India


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Flora and Fauna in India

Introduction to Flora and Fauna

The ecosystem is an interconnected network of biotic and abiotic elements. Biotic elements include all living organisms such as plants, animals and microorganisms. Abiotic components, on the other hand, include non-living entities that are vital for the survival of life and these include soil, water, climate etc. Among all biotic elements, Flora and Fauna are the most fascinating ones.

Flora Meaning: The term flora in Latin means “Goddess of the Flower.” Flora is a collective term for a group of plant life found in a particular region. Flora is classified based on many factors. Some grow in desert regions or in water, some are found in hilly areas while some are specific geographic location. For example, Cactus plants are naturally seen in deserts. They have adaptations like modified leaves to preserve water and protect themselves from predators.

Fauna Meaning: Fauna represents the animal life indigenous to a region. There are many explanations regarding the origin of the word. As per Romans, Fauna or “Faunus” is the name of the goddess of fertility. Another source is “Fauns” which means “Forest spirits.“ The classification includes:

  • Birds
  • Fishes
  • Microorganisms including bacteria and virus
  • The Earth is beautiful because of all these life forms. Other life forms depend on them for various resources and exploit them. Conservation of flora and fauna is thus necessary for future survival. Biosphere reserves, national parks, zoos, and sanctuaries are few instances of the measures taken by the government for conservation of flora and fauna. Another example is the Tiger project launched by the government of India with the goal of saving the tigers in the country from extinction.

    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?

    Right Option : C
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    Question : 2

    Which of the following terms is used to denote plants of a particular region or period ?

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    What is meant by flora and fauna?

    Right Option : B
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